Using a two-stage stochastic planning mechanism for the integration and use of energy resources as a result of the rotating reserve macro market in the presence of energy storage and load aggregators

Abstract

An ideal way to gain the right to choose is to use real-time pricing at the retail level. However, due to political situations and the current state of the industry, this practice is unlikely to happen quickly in the future. An alternative method to achieve this goal is the use of postponable loads and a mass generator to introduce these loads in retail markets. An alternative method for using load acceptability in existing markets and operating protocols is the direct connection of energizing energy sources and energy storage and load aggregators. Based on the type of coupling proposed in this paper, the load aggregator can be coupled with energy storage energy generators as a result of the macro, which consequently allocates their generation to these sources. In this paper, a two-stage stochastic model is developed to evaluate the effects of integration of renewable energy sources and energy storages with a scalable aggregator. Also, to check the acceptance method, a load response is also analyzed. In addition, in order to coordinate the postponable load aggregator with energy generating sources, a dynamic programming algorithm is proposed. It is worth mentioning that for the validation of the models and the proposed algorithm, the electrical coordination console of the western regions of America has been considered.