Analysis of the Impact of Color and Texture of Building Façade Materials on Surface and Ambient Temperature: A Field Study in the Newly Constructed Urban Context of District 22, Tehran

Abstract

In newly developed areas—has become a major focus in sustainable urban planning and climatic design. The main objective of this study is to analyze the effect of façade color and texture on surface and ambient temperature in District 22 of Tehran. Due to its recent urban development and moderate to high density, this district is an ideal case for field-based research. Using a quantitative and experimental-field methodology, this study collected surface and ambient temperature data during a designated period in the summer of 2023, employing thermal imaging and digital thermometers across various façade colors and textures. Statistical analysis via ANOVA and multivariable regression revealed that lighter and smoother façade materials significantly reduced surface and surrounding temperatures during peak heat hours. In some cases, the temperature difference between dark-colored rough textures and smooth light-colored materials exceeded 7°C. These findings support climate-sensitive design strategies aimed at mitigating urban heat island effects and improving thermal comfort in developing urban zones of Tehran.