Investigation of Breast Cancer Risk Factors in Women

Abstract

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality in women worldwide, with an annual increase rate of 2%. According to the 2016 statistics from the Ministry of Public Health, approximately 1,700 individuals die from breast cancer annually in the country. The varying incidence rates of this cancer across different regions of the world underscore the need for regional studies to clarify the role of contributing factors. This study examines the risk factors for breast cancer in women aged 30-65 in Mazar-e-Sharif, Afghanistan. In the spring of 2022, a case-control study was conducted on women with and without a history of breast cancer in Mazar-e-Sharif. Based on the records in the breast cancer diagnosis section of the Abu Ali Sina Balkhi Regional Hospital, 100 breast cancer cases were selected. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software. In this research, age, menopause history, history of abortion, and duration of breastfeeding were identified as factors influencing breast cancer risk. The findings showed a significant positive relationship between contraceptive use and breast cancer, while no association was found between smoking and breast cancer. A positive relationship between family history of breast cancer and increased breast cancer risk was observed, and no significant association was found between age and increased breast cancer risk.