Explaining the climatic model of functional spaces in residential buildings of cold areas of Iran

Abstract

Functional spaces in indigenous architecture, more than any other factor, have been formed under the influence of environmental and climatic factors. Climate as a different determining factor causes the creation of architectural species in different climatic regions. The main issue in this study is to investigate the architectural-climatic patterns of functional spaces in indigenous residential buildings in the cold region of Iran. Therefore, the research hypothesis is stated as follows: "It seems that there are patterns for climate organization of functional space in residential buildings in cold regions of Iran." In order to determine the desired climatic zoning in the dissertation based on the climatic classification of the coupon, a new cold climate zoning is introduced and based on the temperature of the hottest month and coldest month of the year, cities are divided into three climates Dfa, Dfb and Dsa. Climatic analysis of functional spaces has been performed based on criteria related to physical proportions, features related to spatial organization and qualities related to environmental conditions. In order to achieve the research goal, clustering has been done in two cold climate ranges and also in the range between climates. In clustering in the range between Dfa, Dfb and Dsa climates, the best number of clusters is 6, 3 and 8, respectively. The distribution map of the patterns in the region shows that the three identified species of houses are scattered in the whole region, but one of the climatic patterns has been seen in all climates, has a higher number of repetitions and can be used as the pattern used. Therefore, it can be concluded that the physical structure of the functional space in the indigenous residential architecture of the cold region of Iran has similar climatic patterns.