Production of hyaluronic acid through fermentation, analysis of factors affecting production efficiency, and its recovery and purification processes

Abstract

Hyaluronic acid, a natural polysaccharide, has gained significant attention in the medical and cosmetic fields due to its distinct biological and rheological properties. The predominant method for producing hyaluronic acid is through microbial fermentation. This article explores the microorganisms and recombinant strains utilized in the fermentation process for hyaluronic acid production. It examines the formulation of the culture medium, focusing on carbon and nitrogen sources and alternative substrates, and their impact on the yield and molecular weight of hyaluronic acid. Various culture modes and optimal conditions, including temperature, pH, aeration, and agitation, are analyzed to enhance production efficiency. Additionally, purification methods for obtaining high-purity hyaluronic acid are reviewed. This article provides a comprehensive overview of hyaluronic acid production via fermentation, offering insights for optimizing each stage, from microbial selection to product purification.